Self-Arrest
Self-Arrest is a foundational safety technique in Mountaineering and Alpinism used to stop an uncontrolled slide on a snow or ice slope. The maneuver primarily relies on the use of an Ice Axe to create friction against the surface. According to the American Alpine Club (official site), proficiency in this skill is mandatory for safe travel in glaciated or steep winter environments.
Technique Overview
To perform a Self-Arrest, the climber must quickly roll onto their stomach with their head positioned uphill. The Ice Axe is held firmly across the chest, with the pick driven into the Snow. It is critical that the climber arches their back to put maximum weight on the axe head while keeping their feet raised to prevent Crampons from snagging. This process is detailed in the REI Co-op expert advice series.
Practice and Safety
Organizations like The Mountaineers stress that Mountain Safety depends on muscle memory, which is built through repeated practice on safe slopes. Climbers should practice arresting from various fall positions, including head-first and back-sliding. This skill is often complemented by other techniques such as Glissading and Crevasse Rescue.