MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)
The MODIS instrument is a cornerstone of the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS). Launched aboard the Terra satellite in 1999 and the Aqua satellite in 2002, it provides a continuous stream of data regarding the Earth's atmosphere, land, and oceans. The instrument's wide swath width of 2,330 km allows it to image the entire surface of the Earth every one to two days.
Technical Overview
With 36 spectral bands, MODIS delivers high radiometric sensitivity in regions of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from visible light to thermal infrared. These capabilities are crucial for calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and monitoring atmospheric Aerosols. Detailed technical documentation and mission history are provided by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
Global Impact and Science
Data from MODIS has been instrumental in studying Global Warming, tracking Ice Sheet mass balance, and mapping Land Cover change. It serves as a critical bridge to newer sensors like VIIRS, ensuring long-term consistency in climate records. Researchers can access these standardized products through the Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC).